Aggression can manifest itself in many ways, especially in a person’s intention or action; it may cause both physical and psychological harm and damage. There are four forms of aggression which are hostile and instrumental, where hostile aggression is aimed at injuring or hurting the target, whilst instrumental aggression is aimed at achieving some heightened goal such as dominance. The four forms of aggression are verbal, physical, and relational manipulation where the last constituent is a more subtle passive aggressive behavior. There are many psychological theories that have tackled the issue of aggression. For example, the frustration aggression hypothesis provides roots to aggressive impulse, whilst other theories, such as the social learning theory emphasize the imitation and reinforcement of aggressive behavior, especially in adolescents. Aggression is also a social problem and to some extent can be cured and reduced.
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