The Intelligence quotient (IQ) is a measure of the comparative cognitive ability of an individual in relation to others of the same age. This is frequently assessed using standardized tests of abilities such as reasoning, problem-solving, memory, and verbal ability.
The score is typically scaled such that the mean IQ is 100 and most individuals have scores within a reasonable range of that figure. While IQ testing can reveal learning strengths and weaknesses, it is not the whole story when it comes to understanding human intelligence. Skills like creativity, emotional intelligence, and practical problem-solving may not be reflected in an IQ score. Psychologists consider that IQ is affected by both genetic factors and environmental factors, such as education and upbringing. Today, IQ is utilized in research, education, and clinical settings, but is best understood as part of a much larger picture of intelligence.