In psychology, temperaments are described as the biological, emotional patterns, and the self-reactions associated with them, which require an early on appearance, and guide how individuals engage with their surroundings.
It is an integral element of personality, and, thus, also exerts a considerable influence on behavior, social relations, and emotional advancement. One of the distinctions worth noting is how some infants are more adaptable than others and are able to remain calm and still, while others become more sensitive and distressed. Of course, these distinctions could not be attributed to parenting alone, and must be the result of genetic and biological parenting which, the parenting, the environment, and time.
Research conducted by Thomas and Chess has advanced the foundations about the activity levels, moods, and attention spans associated with the physical and emotional dimensions of temperaments. Contemporary researchers also stress traits such as emotional intensity, sociability, and control. The effects of temperament are wide-ranging, and are noted in the learning, friendships, relationships, and the level of stress or emotional disorders. For instance, a child with stronger emotional levels is more prone to develop anxiety disorders, however, in the presence of nurturing and protective caregivers, the child will create resilience. As noted above, the innate traits, and environment, all characterize and reduce the behavior patterns of an individual, and how these patterns influence the development of the individual’s personality.