Neurosis is a term that refers to a broad range of mental and emotional disorders including anxiety and distress, and coping mechanisms that are maladaptive, without a break from reality. In contrast to psychosis, which is the loss of touch and characterized by the presence of delusions and hallucinations, neurosis refers to excessive worry, irrational fears, obsessive thinking, and emotional symptoms, while reality is acknowledged.
Chief among these is the anxiety, sweating, and avoidance behavior associated with public speaking despite the recognition that the fear is irrational and disproportionate. This term is said to have originated in the 18th century and has since then, been enlarged by Freud, who associated it to the unacknowledged disputes to the social restraints of instinctual impulses.
Various types consisted of anxiety neurosis, obsessive-compulsive neurosis and hysteria. Unfortunately, the term has since then been dropped and replaced in modern psychiatry and replaced with more like anxiety disorders, depressive disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and compulsive disorder in the DSM-5-TR.