Cognition is the general term used in psychology to refer to mental activities associated with the acquisition of knowledge and understanding. It involves thinking skills such as memory, learning, reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making.
In simple terms, cognition is a mind’s ability to process information by taking it in, processing it, and then using it to drive behavior. For example, when you solve a puzzle, remember a memory or plan your day, you are engaging in cognitive processes. Cognition is sometimes compared to information processing, as if a computer processes information, although in a far more flexible and complex manner. Cognition is at the core of every day functioning, where individuals rely on cognitive abilities to comprehend the world, make decisions, and adapt to new circumstances.
Research in this field has also highlighted how other factors such as attention, emotions and environment influence our thinking. By understanding cognition, psychology contributes to our understanding of how individuals learn, develop, and interact with the world around them.